INTEGRASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN EKSPOSITORI, DISCOVERY, INQUIRY, DAN PROBLEM SOLVING DALAM PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the integration of expository, discovery learning, inquiry learning, and problem-solving models in Islamic Religious Education (PAI). The research employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method by examining relevant books and scientific journal articles published in the last decade. Data were collected through documentation and analyzed using descriptive qualitative techniques involving identification, categorization, and integrative synthesis. The findings reveal that each learning model has distinct strengths: expository learning supports systematic concept delivery, discovery learning enhances active engagement, inquiry learning develops critical thinking, and problem-solving strengthens students’ ability to apply Islamic values in real-life contexts. The main contribution of this study lies in proposing an integrative conceptual framework that connects these four models into a coherent learning sequence, ranging from conceptual understanding to practical application. This framework offers a more comprehensive and contextual approach to PAI learning, supporting not only knowledge acquisition but also the development of critical thinking and value internalization.